th Tag

HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 Reference: <th> Tag
      HTML <th> Tag - Table Header Cell        
                    
          Syntax
          This element uses separate opening and closing tags.

            <th>...</th>          
        

          Usage
          The <th> tag is used to define a header cell that is used within a table. Each cell in a table can contain either header information or data. The header information is defined using the <th> tag and the data is defined using the <td> tag. The <th> tag can also be used by non-visual browsers to make the data more accessible.

HTML & XHTML Example using the <th> tag for row headers.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th>Stock Symbol</th>
  <td>MSFT</td>
  <td>GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th>Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>


        

          Content Model
          The <th> element can contain the following tags, and Text, between its opening and closing tags.<a> 
<abbr> 
<acronym> 
<address> 
<applet> 
<b> 
<basefont> 
<bdo> 
<big> 
<blockquote> 
<br> 
<button> 
<center> 
<cite> 
<code> 
<del> 
<dfn> 
<dir> 
<div> 
<dl> 
<em> 
<fieldset> 
<font> 
<form> 
<h1> 
<h2> 
<h3> 
<h4> 
<h5> 
<h6> 
<hr> 
<i> 
<iframe>1 
<img> 
<input> 
<ins> 
<isindex> 
<kbd> 
<label> 
<map> 
<menu> 
<noframes>2 
<noscript> 
<object> 
<ol> 
<p> 
<pre> 
<q> 
<s> 
<samp> 
<script> 
<select> 
<small> 
<span> 
<strike> 
<strong> 
<sub> 
<sup> 
<table> 
<textarea> 
<tt> 
<u> 
<ul> 
<var> 
Notes:
1. The <th> element can contain the <iframe> tag when using DTD Transitional and Frameset documents but not Strict documents.
2. The <th> element can contain the <noframes> tag when using DTD Transitional documents but not Strict or Frameset documents.
3. Red tags have been deprecated and are allowed in DTD Transitional and Frameset documents but not Strict documents.
        

Red attributes have been deprecated

    <th> Tag Attribute Summary
      
        Required
        Tag Specific
        Core
        Focus
        Events
        Language
      

         
        abbr align axis bgcolor char charoff colspan headers height nowrap rowspan scope valign width 
        id class style title 
         
        onclick ondblclick onkeydown onkeypress onkeyup onmousedown onmousemove onmouseout onmouseover onmouseup 
        dir lang xml:lang1 
      
Notes: 1. XHTML only.

Red attributes have been deprecated

    <th> Tag Attributes
      
        Attribute
        Description
      
abbrThe abbr attribute can be used to provide an abbreviation of the cell's content.
alignThe align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment within a cell. Possible values are "center", "char", "justify", "left", and "right".

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>

axisThe axis attribute can be used to place the cell into conceptual categories by providing a comma separated list of category names.
bgcolorThe bgcolor attribute specifies the background color of the cell.  The color value can be expressed as an sRGB value which is a hash (#) symbol followed by a hexadecimal value. Or, the color value can be expressed as a color name. Color names are black, silver, gray, white, maroon, red, purple, fuchsia, green, lime, olive, yellow, navy, blue, teal, or aqua.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>


Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
charThe char attribute specifies a single character to act as an alignment character when the align attribute is set to "char". The default character for this attribute is the decimal point.

Note: This attribute may have little or no browser support among popular browsers.
charoffThe charoff attribute specifies an offset to the first occurrence of the alignment character, which is specified by the char attribute.

Note: This attribute may have little or no browser support among popular browsers.
colspanThe colspan attribute specifies how many columns that the cell spans. A value of "1" is the default for this attribute.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>

headersThe headers attribute specifies header cells that provide information about the current cell. The value for this attribute is a space separated list of names. Each name in the list corresponds to an id attribute of a header cell. This attribute may make the cell's contents more accessible for non-visual browsers.
heightThe height attribute is used to specify the cell height. The value is in pixels, or percentage when followed by a percent sign (%). If the value is specified as a percentage, it refers to a percentage of the available space.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using the height and width  attributes.<table border="1" width="500">
 <tr>
  <th height="50" colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th width="50%">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td width="100">MSFT</td>
  <td>GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th height="100">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>


Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
nowrapThe nowrap attribute disables automatic text wrapping for the cell.

          

          <th> tag example using the nowrap attribute.
          <th nowrap="nowrap">Stock Tracker</th>

Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
rowspanThe rowspan attribute specifies how many rows that the cell spans. A value of "1" is the default for this attribute.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>

scopeThe scope attribute specifies which cells are described by the current header cell. Possible values are "col", "colgroup", "row", and "rowgroup". These values are defined as follows:
          "col" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the column.

            "colgroup" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the column group.

            "row" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the row.

"rowgroup" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the row group.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>

valignThe valign attribute specifies the vertical alignment within a cell. Possible values are "baseline", "bottom", "middle", and "top".

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using multiple attributes.<table border="1">
 <tr>
  <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th>
  <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td>
  <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>

widthThe width attribute is used to specify the cell width. The value is in pixels, or percentage when followed by a percent sign (%). If the value is specified as a percentage, it refers to a percentage of the available space.

HTML & XHTML <th>  example using the height and width  attributes.<table border="1" width="500">
 <tr>
  <th height="50" colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th width="50%">Stock Symbol</th>
  <td width="100">MSFT</td>
  <td>GOOG</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <th height="100">Profit</th>
  <td>$723.48</td>
  <td>$1254.58</td>
 </tr>
</table>


Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
idThe id attribute assigns a unique name to a tag. This allows style sheets or scripts to reference the tag. See id Example 
classThe class attribute assigns a class name to a tag. The class name does not need to be unique. More than one tag can have the same class name. This allows style sheets or scripts to reference multiple tags with a single class name. See class Example 
styleThe style attribute specifies styles for the tag. For Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), the syntax is name:value. Each name:value pair is separated by semicolons. See style Example 
titleThe title attribute specifies additional information about the tag. It is common for browsers to display the title when the pointing device stops over the object. See title Example 
onclickThe onclick attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the object is clicked with a mouse or other pointing device. See onclick Example 
ondblclickThe ondblclick attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the object is double clicked with a mouse or other pointing device. See ondblclick Example 
onkeydownThe onkeydown attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when a key is pressed down. See onkeydown Example 
onkeypressThe onkeypress attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when a key is pressed and released. See onkeypress Example 
onkeyupThe onkeyup attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when a key is released. See onkeyup Example 
onmousedownThe onmousedown attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the mouse button, or other pointing device button, is pressed while over the object. See onmousedown Example 
onmousemoveThe onmousemove attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved while it is over the object. See onmousemove Example 
onmouseoutThe onmouseout attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved away from an object after being over it. See onmouseout Example 
onmouseoverThe onmouseover attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved onto the object. See onmouseover Example 
onmouseupThe onmouseup attribute specifies a 
      script to be run when the mouse button, or other pointing device button, is released while over the object. See onmouseup Example 
dirThe dir attribute tells the browser whether the text should be displayed from left-to-right or right-to-left. It does not reverse the direction of the characters, like the <bdo> tag does, but it can help the browser to determine if the text should be aligned on the left side or the right side. See dir Example 
langThe lang attribute specifies a language. This attribute can help the browser to correctly display text. This attribute can also be useful for braille translation software, speech synthesizers, dictionary definitions, etc. See lang Example 
xml:langThe xml:lang attribute specifies a language for XHTML documents. This attribute can help the browser to correctly display text. This attribute can also be useful for braille translation software, speech synthesizers, dictionary definitions, etc. See xml:lang Example 

Note: XHTML only.

HTML <th> Tag ExamplesExample using the <th> tag for row headers.
<th>  example using multiple attributes.
<th>  example using the height and width  attributes.

Syntax	This element uses separate opening and closing tags. <th>...</th>
Usage	The <th> tag is used to define a header cell that is used within a table. Each cell in a table can contain either header information or data. The header information is defined using the <th> tag and the data is defined using the <td> tag. The <th> tag can also be used by non-visual browsers to make the data more accessible. HTML & XHTML Example using the <th> tag for row headers. <table border="1"> <tr> <th colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th>Stock Symbol</th> <td>MSFT</td> <td>GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
Content Model	The <th> element can contain the following tags, and Text, between its opening and closing tags. <a> <abbr> <acronym> <address> <applet> <b> <basefont> <bdo> <big> <blockquote> <br> <button> <center> <cite> <code> <del> <dfn> <dir> <div> <dl> <em> <fieldset> <font> <form> <h1> <h2> <h3> <h4> <h5> <h6> <hr> <i> <iframe>¹ <img> <input> <ins> <isindex> <kbd> <label> <map> <menu> <noframes>² <noscript> <object> <ol> <p> <pre> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <select> <small> <span> <strike> <strong> <sub> <sup> <table> <textarea> <tt> <u> <ul> <var> Notes: 1. The <th> element can contain the <iframe> tag when using DTD Transitional and Frameset documents but not Strict documents. 2. The <th> element can contain the <noframes> tag when using DTD Transitional documents but not Strict or Frameset documents. 3. Red tags have been deprecated and are allowed in DTD Transitional and Frameset documents but not Strict documents.

Required	Tag Specific	Core	Focus	Events	Language
	abbr align axis bgcolor char charoff colspan headers height nowrap rowspan scope valign width	id class style title		onclick ondblclick onkeydown onkeypress onkeyup onmousedown onmousemove onmouseout onmouseover onmouseup	dir lang xml:lang¹
Notes: 1. XHTML only.

Attribute	Description
abbr	The abbr attribute can be used to provide an abbreviation of the cell's content.
align	The align attribute specifies the horizontal alignment within a cell. Possible values are "center", "char", "justify", "left", and "right". HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
axis	The axis attribute can be used to place the cell into conceptual categories by providing a comma separated list of category names.
bgcolor	The bgcolor attribute specifies the background color of the cell. The color value can be expressed as an sRGB value which is a hash (#) symbol followed by a hexadecimal value. Or, the color value can be expressed as a color name. Color names are black, silver, gray, white, maroon, red, purple, fuchsia, green, lime, olive, yellow, navy, blue, teal, or aqua. HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table> Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
char	The char attribute specifies a single character to act as an alignment character when the align attribute is set to "char". The default character for this attribute is the decimal point. Note: This attribute may have little or no browser support among popular browsers.
charoff	The charoff attribute specifies an offset to the first occurrence of the alignment character, which is specified by the char attribute. Note: This attribute may have little or no browser support among popular browsers.
colspan	The colspan attribute specifies how many columns that the cell spans. A value of "1" is the default for this attribute. HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
headers	The headers attribute specifies header cells that provide information about the current cell. The value for this attribute is a space separated list of names. Each name in the list corresponds to an id attribute of a header cell. This attribute may make the cell's contents more accessible for non-visual browsers.
height	The height attribute is used to specify the cell height. The value is in pixels, or percentage when followed by a percent sign (%). If the value is specified as a percentage, it refers to a percentage of the available space. HTML & XHTML <th> example using the height and width attributes. <table border="1" width="500"> <tr> <th height="50" colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th width="50%">Stock Symbol</th> <td width="100">MSFT</td> <td>GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th height="100">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table> Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
nowrap	The nowrap attribute disables automatic text wrapping for the cell. <th> tag example using the nowrap attribute. <th nowrap="nowrap">Stock Tracker</th> Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
rowspan	The rowspan attribute specifies how many rows that the cell spans. A value of "1" is the default for this attribute. HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
scope	The scope attribute specifies which cells are described by the current header cell. Possible values are "col", "colgroup", "row", and "rowgroup". These values are defined as follows: "col" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the column. "colgroup" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the column group. "row" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the row. "rowgroup" = The current cell provides information about the rest of the row group. HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
valign	The valign attribute specifies the vertical alignment within a cell. Possible values are "baseline", "bottom", "middle", and "top". HTML & XHTML <th> example using multiple attributes. <table border="1"> <tr> <th bgcolor="#AAAAAA" colspan="4">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" valign="top">April Results</th> <th scope="row">Stock Symbol</th> <td bgcolor="#FFFF00">MSFT</td> <td bgcolor="yellow">GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" align="right">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table>
width	The width attribute is used to specify the cell width. The value is in pixels, or percentage when followed by a percent sign (%). If the value is specified as a percentage, it refers to a percentage of the available space. HTML & XHTML <th> example using the height and width attributes. <table border="1" width="500"> <tr> <th height="50" colspan="3">Stock Tracker</th> </tr> <tr> <th width="50%">Stock Symbol</th> <td width="100">MSFT</td> <td>GOOG</td> </tr> <tr> <th height="100">Profit</th> <td>$723.48</td> <td>$1254.58</td> </tr> </table> Note: This attribute has been deprecated.
id	The id attribute assigns a unique name to a tag. This allows style sheets or scripts to reference the tag. See id Example
class	The class attribute assigns a class name to a tag. The class name does not need to be unique. More than one tag can have the same class name. This allows style sheets or scripts to reference multiple tags with a single class name. See class Example
style	The style attribute specifies styles for the tag. For Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), the syntax is name:value. Each name:value pair is separated by semicolons. See style Example
title	The title attribute specifies additional information about the tag. It is common for browsers to display the title when the pointing device stops over the object. See title Example
onclick	The onclick attribute specifies a script to be run when the object is clicked with a mouse or other pointing device. See onclick Example
ondblclick	The ondblclick attribute specifies a script to be run when the object is double clicked with a mouse or other pointing device. See ondblclick Example
onkeydown	The onkeydown attribute specifies a script to be run when a key is pressed down. See onkeydown Example
onkeypress	The onkeypress attribute specifies a script to be run when a key is pressed and released. See onkeypress Example
onkeyup	The onkeyup attribute specifies a script to be run when a key is released. See onkeyup Example
onmousedown	The onmousedown attribute specifies a script to be run when the mouse button, or other pointing device button, is pressed while over the object. See onmousedown Example
onmousemove	The onmousemove attribute specifies a script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved while it is over the object. See onmousemove Example
onmouseout	The onmouseout attribute specifies a script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved away from an object after being over it. See onmouseout Example
onmouseover	The onmouseover attribute specifies a script to be run when the mouse, or other pointing device, is moved onto the object. See onmouseover Example
onmouseup	The onmouseup attribute specifies a script to be run when the mouse button, or other pointing device button, is released while over the object. See onmouseup Example
dir	The dir attribute tells the browser whether the text should be displayed from left-to-right or right-to-left. It does not reverse the direction of the characters, like the <bdo> tag does, but it can help the browser to determine if the text should be aligned on the left side or the right side. See dir Example
lang	The lang attribute specifies a language. This attribute can help the browser to correctly display text. This attribute can also be useful for braille translation software, speech synthesizers, dictionary definitions, etc. See lang Example
xml:lang	The xml:lang attribute specifies a language for XHTML documents. This attribute can help the browser to correctly display text. This attribute can also be useful for braille translation software, speech synthesizers, dictionary definitions, etc. See xml:lang Example Note: XHTML only.